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Black holes, white dwarfs, and neutron stars Saul A. Teukolsky, Stuart L. Shapiro
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc

We can't hope to create extremely strong gravity in the lab, so we need to look outwards into space for things like black holes, neutron stars and white dwarfs. When a star starts running out of fuel, it usually cools off and collapses into one of three compact forms, depending on its total mass, a White Dwarf a Neutron Star or a Black Hole. Short duration gamma-ray bursts are thought to be caused by the merger of some combination of white dwarfs, neutron stars or black holes. An artist's impression of the merger of two neutron stars. As the population of stars ages, it will consist either of the dead corpses of previous generations—dim objects such as white dwarfs or neutron stars and black holes—or of slowly evolving, faint, low-mass stars. Black holes, like neutron stars, white dwarfs and normal stars, also have strong magnetic fields that get even stronger the closer you get to the event horizon, or the point from which light cannot escape. White dwarfs are the hot, dense leftover cores of ex-stars. Of star-forming dust [infrared in orange] along with X-ray sources [in blue] where collapsed stars – white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes – are located. €�White dwarf/neutron star or black hole binaries are thought to be quite rare, although there is a huge range in the number per Milky Way-like galaxy in the literature. In addition, many binary systems can have compact components and can exist in a variety of ways.